Here are top CSS interview questions,
1. What is CSS?
CSS stands
for Cascading Style Sheets. It is a stylesheet language used to control the
presentation and layout of HTML documents.
2. Explain the three ways to include
CSS in an HTML document.
CSS can be
included in an HTML document using the following methods:
- Inline CSS: Using the `style` attribute
within an HTML element.
- Internal CSS: Placing CSS code within the
`<style>` element in the `<head>` section of the HTML document.
- External CSS: Linking an external CSS file
using the `<link>` element in the `<head>` section.
3. What is the difference between
padding and margin?
- Padding: Space between the content and the
border of an element.
- Margin: Space outside the border of an
element, separating it from other elements.
4. Explain the CSS box model.
The CSS box
model is a layout model that defines how elements are displayed on a web page.
It consists of content, padding, border, and margin.
5. What is the importance of the
`z-index` property?
The
`z-index` property determines the stacking order of elements on the z-axis
(depth) when they overlap. Elements with higher `z-index` values appear on top
of elements with lower values.
6. Explain the difference between
`display: block`, `display: inline`, and `display: inline-block`.
- `display: block`: Makes an element a
block-level element, taking the full width available and starting a new line.
- `display: inline`: Makes an element an
inline-level element, only taking the space required by its content and not
starting a new line.
- `display: inline-block`: Combines the
features of block and inline, taking the space required by its content but
allowing other elements to be on the same line.
7. What is the purpose of the
`float` property in CSS?
The `float`
property is used to make elements float to the left or right of their
containers, allowing text or other elements to wrap around them.
8. Explain the concept of Flexbox in
CSS.
Flexbox is
a layout model that provides a flexible way to distribute space and align items
within a container. It is especially useful for building responsive designs.
9. What are media queries in CSS,
and how are they used?
Media
queries allow you to apply different styles based on the characteristics of the
device or screen, such as width, height, orientation, etc. They are essential
for creating responsive web designs.
10. What is the `position` property
in CSS, and what are the different values it can take?
The
`position` property determines how an element is positioned within its parent.
The values it can take are:
- `static`: Default value. The element
follows the normal flow of the document.
- `relative`: Positioned relative to its
normal position.
- `absolute`: Positioned relative to the
nearest positioned ancestor.
- `fixed`: Positioned relative to the
viewport and does not move when scrolling.
- `sticky`: Behaves like `relative` until
it reaches a specified scroll position, then becomes `fixed`.
11. What is the CSS specificity
rule, and how does it work?
The CSS
specificity rule determines which styles take precedence when multiple rules
target the same element. Specificity is calculated based on the combination of
selectors used in the rule. In general, the more specific the selector, the
higher its precedence.
12. What is a pseudo-class in CSS,
and provide some examples.
Pseudo-classes
are used to define the state of an element. Some examples include:
- `:hover`: Applies styles when the mouse
hovers over the element.
- `:active`: Applies styles when the
element is being activated, like when a link is clicked.
- `:focus`: Applies styles when the element
gains focus, such as when an input field is selected.
13. What are CSS sprites, and what
is their purpose?
CSS sprites
are a technique where multiple images are combined into a single larger image.
They are used to reduce the number of HTTP requests and improve the performance
of a web page.
14. How do you center an element
horizontally and vertically in CSS?
To center
an element horizontally, use `margin: 0 auto`. To center an element vertically,
use `display: flex` with `align-items: center`, or use the `position` property
with `top: 50%` and `transform: translateY(-50%)`.
15. What is the `box-shadow`
property used for in CSS?
The
`box-shadow` property adds a shadow effect to an element. It allows you to set
the horizontal and vertical offset, blur radius, spread distance, and color of
the shadow.
16. Explain the difference between
`rem` and `em` units in CSS.
- `rem`: Relative to the root (HTML) font
size.
- `em`: Relative to the font size of the
nearest parent element. When used for font size, it is relative to the font
size of the element itself.
17. What is the `@import` rule in
CSS used for?
The `@import`
rule is used to import an external CSS file into another CSS file. However, it
is not recommended for performance reasons. Instead, use the `<link>`
element in HTML to link external stylesheets.
18. What is the `transform` property
in CSS used for?
The
`transform` property is used to apply transformations to an element, such as
rotation, scaling, skewing, and translation (moving).
19. How do you create a responsive
layout in CSS?
To create a
responsive layout, use CSS media queries to adjust styles based on the screen
size or device characteristics. Flexbox and Grid layout models are also
commonly used for responsiveness.
20. What is the purpose of the
`overflow` property in CSS?
The
`overflow` property is used to control how content that overflows the
boundaries of an element is displayed. It can take values like `visible`,
`hidden`, `scroll`, or `auto`.
Above are few top CSS interview questions. Remember to prepare and expand on these answers.
Good luck with your interview! 👍
0 Comments
Please share your comments ! Thank you !