Top Software Testing Interview Questions and Answers

Here are top Software Testing interview questions,

1. What is Software Testing?

Software Testing is the process of evaluating a software application to identify and fix defects or errors to ensure its quality and functionality meet the specified requirements.

 

2. What are the different levels of testing?

The different levels of testing are:

   - Unit Testing

   - Integration Testing

   - System Testing

   - Acceptance Testing

 

3. What is the difference between verification and validation?

Verification ensures that the software is built correctly (i.e., it adheres to its specified requirements), while validation ensures that the right software is built (i.e., it meets the user's needs).

 

4. Explain the difference between functional and non-functional testing.

Functional testing checks whether the software performs its intended functions, while non-functional testing evaluates aspects like performance, security, usability, etc.

 

5. What is the Test Plan?

A Test Plan is a detailed document that outlines the scope, objectives, resources, schedule, and approach for testing a specific software product.

 

6. What is the difference between smoke and sanity testing?

Smoke testing is a preliminary test to check whether the basic functionalities work, while sanity testing is a cursory test to ensure that major features are working as expected.

 

7. What are the different types of testing techniques?

Different testing techniques include:

   - Black-box testing

   - White-box testing

   - Grey-box testing

 

8. Explain the bug life cycle.

The bug life cycle includes various stages such as New, Assigned, Open, Fixed, Verified, and Closed, representing the progress of a bug from discovery to resolution.

 

9. What is regression testing?

Regression testing is performed to ensure that recent code changes haven't adversely affected existing functionalities.

 

10. What is bug severity & priority? Who decides it?

Priority indicates how soon the bug should be fixed whereas Severity indicates the seriousness of the defect on the product functionality. Priority of defects is primarily defined by the Product Manager/client, keeping the business relevance in mind, while Severity levels of the defects are determined by the QA engineer.

 

11. What is the purpose of a test case?

A test case is a set of conditions and inputs under which testers determine whether the software works correctly. It serves as a documentation and guidance for testing activities.

 

12. Explain the concept of test data and its significance.

Test data is the data used in test cases to evaluate the software's behavior. It is crucial as it helps uncover defects and ensures comprehensive testing coverage.

 

13. What is the difference between manual testing and automated testing?

Manual testing is performed by human testers without using any automation tools, while automated testing uses software tools to execute tests.

 

14. What is a test harness?

A test harness is a collection of software and test data that is used to execute test cases and report results.

 

15. What are the key challenges in software testing?

Common challenges in software testing include time constraints, lack of skilled testers, complex software architectures, and changing requirements.

 

16. Explain the concept of a "defect" in software testing.

A defect is a variance between expected and actual behavior in a software application.

 

17. What is Load Testing?

Load testing is performed to assess the software's performance under expected load conditions.

 

18. What is Usability Testing?

Usability testing evaluates how user-friendly the software is by involving actual users to interact with the system.

 

19. What is the difference between test cases and test scenarios?

Test cases are specific detailed steps for testing individual functionalities, while test scenarios are high-level descriptions of possible testing situations.

 

20. What is Ad-hoc testing?

Ad-hoc testing is an informal testing approach where testers perform random testing without predefined test cases to find defects quickly.

 

Above are few top Software Testing interview questions. Remember to prepare and expand on these answers.

Good luck with your interview!  👍